Fear in Tony Kushners Angels In America Essay - 1101 Words

Fear in Tony Kushners Angels In America Both parts of Tony Kushners play Angels in America paint a painfully truthful picture of what gay men go through. In most cases, they suffer either inner anguish or public torment. Sometimes they must endure both. Being homosexual in America is a double-edged sword. If you publicly announce that you are gay, you suffer ridicule and are mocked by the ignorant of society; but if you keep your homosexuality a secret, you are condemned to personal turmoil. Kushners work attempts to make America take a close look at itself and hopefully change its ways. The fear of public scrutiny forces many gay men into a life of denial and secrecy. Kushner describes a society, not unlike†¦show more content†¦By doing this, he is succesful in showing that gay men are the same as anyone else. The only difference is who they choose to share a sexual life with. Once again modeling reality, several characters are confident in their sexuality but are hesitant to admit to it. Roy Cohn and Joe Pitt represent the stereotypical gay man who refuses to publicly acknowledge his sexuality. They portray how gay men sometimes go to extreme lengths to deny their homosexuality. Both not only lie to others, but they lie to themselves. There is a certain sadness in the fact that some gay men desire the respect of strangers over being honest with themselves. Why do such a large number of gay men live lives in denial? The answer is simple. The answer is fear. Fear is the driving force behind many gay mens secrecy. The fear of how others may view them and the fear of how they will be received is overpowering. Roy Cohn is a powerful, ruthless, well-connected lawyer, and he is also a closet homosexual. The reason for his double life can be traced back to fear. When he is confronted with his homosexuality, he denies it. He begins to rationalize his lifestyle by saying, Roy Cohn is not a homosexual. Roy Cohn is a heterosexual man, Henry, who fucks around with guys (Kushner, Millennium 46). He further attempts to cover up his sexuality, when he is confronted with the fact that he has AIDS. His denial andShow MoreRelatedTony Kushner s Angels Of Americ A Gay Fantasia On National Themes Essay816 Words   |  4 PagesThe Struggles Accompanying Homosexuality in Tony Kushner’s Angels in America Set in the late 1980s, a period of regression and tragedy for the homosexual community, Tony Kushner’s play, Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes, explores the lives of four gay men living in New York. Kushner’s two part drama expounds some of the many difficulties encountered by gays during this time period. While two of his characters, Joe Pitt and Roy Cohn, both struggle significantly with their sexualRead More Angels in America Essay737 Words   |  3 Pages Angels in America nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Everyone has his or her own personal faults in life.nbsp; Some are looked down upon more for their issues than others are.nbsp; Homosexual relationships are considered sacrilegious and unethical, so much that we scrutinize persons having those relations.nbsp; We as a society should not look down upon individuals whose sexual preference is different from our own. nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The 80s were a time ofRead MoreWhite Noise By Don Delillo1832 Words   |  8 PagesLiterature of the eighties reflects a general atmosphere of fear at the time—fear of the unfamiliar, of death and disease. Outside of the books from that era, we can see where in American society this fear came from, how it weaved around what was alien and strangled it. We can retrospectively watch as it manifests itself in the roots of the AIDS epidemic, an outbreak of disease that took tens of thousands of lives because its origins were unknown, and it affected those who were different from theRead MoreTony Kushner s Angels Of America1180 Words   |  5 PagesTony Kushner’s â€Å"Angels in America† and Mwaganu wa Kaggia’s â€Å"Not Ashamed but so Ashamed† both explicitly address the social, religious, and political stigma associated with HIV/AIDS and homosexuality. The use of split scenes in â€Å"Angels in America† allows Kushner to demonstrate the similar ways in which both Joe and Prior respond to alienation despite having distinct personal conflicts. The two characters’ societal and personal dilemmas are most evidently intertwined in Act 2, Scene 9 of the play.Read More A.M.Holmes Music For Torching, Seth MacFarlanes Family Guy, and Tony Kushners Angels in America1948 Words   |  8 PagesA.M.Holmes Music For Torching, Seth MacFarlanes Family Guy, and Tony Kushners Angels in America The social progression of America in the 20th and 21st centuries has been arguably advantageous. In the years following the feminist and civil rights movements, the United States has undeniably developed into the world’s leading democratic system. Women and minorities have equal citizenship status under the law. There are more females in the workforce than ever before, and formerly guarded issuesRead MoreWhat Are The Many Versions Of Love Stories That Shakespeare s Midsummer Night s Dream?1705 Words   |  7 Pageshopes that he’ll awaken and fall for a beast. Lysander and Hermia enter soon after and Puck assumes that Lysander is Demetrius, putting the love juice in his eyes. When Helena wakes Lysander, he instantly falls in love with her, and Helena turns in fear. Because of Puck’s mistake, both Lysander and Demetrius end up falling for Helena, and jealous Hermia tries to challenge Helena to a fight (a comedic aspect as none of these characters are truly capable of being cruel or violent). Puck, who secretlyRead MoreAngels in America Essay1271 Words   |  6 PagesCarter O’Leary Angels In America Essay Rabbi Chemelwitz says in his eulogy (Millennium) that the Great Voyages of the past no longer exist. Does the play bear out the truth of his belief or not? If not, what are the new great voyages? Tony Kushner’s play, Angels In America, explores the trials of the journey of human life through the development of his characters throughout the play. When Rabbi Chemelwitz says â€Å"Great Voyages is this world do not any more exist.† (Millennium 16) he speaks onlyRead More Tony Kushners Angels in America Essay2055 Words   |  9 PagesMost of the characters in Tony Kushners Angels in America struggle with their sexuality. Reflected in this struggle, the homosexual characters are flawed to the degree at which they hide their sexuality. Prior, Belize, Louis, Joe, and Roy all deal with this issue in the course of the play. Prior is the least closeted homosexual while Roy is the most. Prior is chosen to be a prophet, is morally upright, and represents good. Roy, the unlawful lawyer, represents evil. Belize, Louis, and Joe fallRead MoreFrom The Plains And The City1851 Words   |  8 Pagesinconspicuously performs a significant role in the compositions. In Tracy Letts’ August: Osage County, the Weston family must confront their past and present in a claustrophobic house during the scorching heat of summer in the Oklahoman Plains. In Tony Kushner’s Angles in America, the AIDS epidemic is rampant and the effects are seen across all spectrums in the American society, while keeping up with the fast pace and intricacies of New York City. Essentially location influences the plays, which steers them thematicallyRead MoreSummary Of Angels Of America By Ifeanyi Dike Jr. Essay2068 Words   |  9 PagesAn Analysis Paper – Angels in America by Ifeanyi Dike Jr 1. World/Dramatic Universe a. In Tony Kushner’s Angels in America, It’s 1985 Brooklyn, New York – 15 years before the new Millennium. It’s fall – warm and cold at once. The HIV/AIDS epidemic is emerging, yet quickly raging causing mass hysteria, fear and confusion amidst the gay community. Ronald Regan is the president of the United States and is suppressing the AIDS research by quite simply, ignoring it. Each character in this play is either

Notes on Marijuana - 1909 Words

THC triggers brain cells to release the chemical dopamine. Such loss of coordination can be caused by smoking marijuana. And thats just one of its many negative effects. Marijuana affects memory, judgment, and perception. Under the influence of marijuana, you could fail to remember things you just learned, watch your grade point average drop, or crash a car. Also, since marijuana can affect judgment and decision making, using it can cause you to do things you might not do when you are thinking straight—such as engaging in risky sexual behavior, which can result in exposure to sexually transmitted diseases, like HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, or getting in a car with someone who’s been drinking or is high on marijuana. It’s also†¦show more content†¦Drugs may have these effects at first, but they do not last, at least not like the long-term negative consequences can. Here are some â€Å"reality checks† on common reasons people have for doing drugs: â€Å"Drugs help me feel good.† Most abused drugs produce intense feelings of pleasure. This initial sensation of euphoria is followed by other effects, which differ with the type of drug used. For example, with stimulants such as cocaine, the â€Å"high† is followed by feelings of power, self-confidence, and increased energy. In contrast, the euphoria caused by opiates such as heroin is followed by feelings of relaxation and satisfaction. Reality check: While a drug-induced high may temporarily boost your mood, the effect doesn’t last long. Before you know it, the same old worries return, and, in fact, the after-effects of the drug may leave you with additional physical or emotional symptoms. Headaches, nausea, and feeling â€Å"down† are common side effects for many people. Withdrawal can be quite painful—physically and mentally. â€Å"Drugs help me feel better.† Some people who suffer from social anxiety, stress-related disorders, and depression start abusing drugs in an attempt to lessen feelings of distress. Stress can play a major role in beginning drug use, continuing drug abuse, or in relapsing to drug use for people recovering from addiction. Reality check: SomeShow MoreRelatedA Short Note On Alcohol, Tobacco, Marijuana, And Opioids1175 Words   |  5 PagesJulie Thao HSCD 300-01 Essay 1 February 7th, 2016 1. The four most commonly used substances as described from the course textbook are alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and opioids. Alcohol is a translucent liquid in appearance and has a bitter acquired taste which suppresses brain activity. The intake of alcohol effects the cerebral cortex by ceasing the inhibition of user and develops a relaxed and more social characteristic in the way the user interacts with others. As a depressant, the use of alcoholRead MoreLegalization Of Marijuana For The United States1416 Words   |  6 Pages The use of recreational marijuana is illegal in the United States. Although cannabinoids--the active compounds in marijuana may have the potential to help manage certain symptoms. Researchers around the world, including some in the United States, are continuing to explore the potential of the marijuana drug in use to help patients who benefit from the drug. According to our class notes, marijuana and Tabaco contain almost the same amount of chemical’s at over 500. The side effects include healthRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1601 Words   |  7 Pagesuse of Marijuana is considered illegal in most of the states of the United States. Washington, Oregon, Colorado and Alaska legalized the use of Marijuana for medical and recreational purposes. Montana, Nevada, California, Arizona, New Mexico, Minnesota, Michigan, Illinois, New York, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine, Rhode Island, Delaware, New Jersey and Hawaii have legalized Marijuana for medical purposes only, the rest of the states have no laws legalizing marijuana (Governing)Read MoreIs Cannabis Dangerous? This Particular Issue Has Been Discussed,1291 Words   |  6 Pagesin today’s society. Many individuals have their own opinions on marijuana, whether it be positive or negative, but an objective perspective is necessary to justly weigh the benefits and detriments of marijuana use and legalization. When an unbiased person analyzes the controversial topic of cannabis, he or she would realize that the substance does not plainly fall into a single category. There is ample, scientific proof that marijuana has numerous medicinal purposes, such as treating glaucoma andRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Illegal? Essay812 Words   |  4 PagesMarijuana charges reflect the still-existing discrimination in society. Although use rates for African-Americans are only around 25% greater than that of whites, marijuana possession arrests are about three times greater for blacks tha n whites (Gettman, 2009). Legalizing marijuana would eliminate this aspect of racial disparity in the United States, where any single step could be seen as a move in the right direction. This would also help decrease the population of those in jail or prison forRead MoreSubstance Abuse Isn t Adequately Addressed1090 Words   |  5 Pagesis marijuana. It is also known as cannabis, hemp, dope, or weed. Marijuana is used for beneficial reasons and harmful reasons. Most cannabis users are addicted to it, but it primarily needs to be used for medical purposes. Although mounting new evidence confirms the healing qualities of marijuana, much opposition still exists preventing it from people who need it the most. The use of marijuana has been around for thousands of years. As reported by Caroline Cahill in the article â€Å"Marijuana 101:Read MoreMarijuana and Illness1063 Words   |  4 PagesMarijuana and Illness One of the major challenges with patient management and care is the alleviation and or reduction of pain. Pain and discomfort accompanies most medical procedures and consequently strenuous efforts are made by medical doctors provide pain relief to their patients. The tools available to doctors are very limited and most have undesirable side effects. Some of the more potent pain relievers have the potential to become addictive. Consequently, there is a need for a pain reliefRead MoreDeterminants of Marijuana Use Essay1052 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana is a popular and universal drug. It is easily accessible to most people and is the number one illicit drug used in North America. Although the availability and knowledge of this drug is fairly equal for all people in North America, marijuana tends to be more prevalent in teenagers and young adults. Maisto, Galizio, and Conners (2004) reported that use of marijuana [in young people] was 8.0% among those aged 12-17; 16% among those aged 18-25, as compared to 6.8% among those aged 26-34;Read MoreCannabis For Neuropathic Pain In HIV : The Mediciana Injuana Case Study1030 Words   |  5 Pagesunwanted effects can be tolerated and adverse effects On the contrary, marijuana produced a substantial relieve of pain in the patients with the HIV. In a study entitled Smoked Medicinal Cannabis for Neuropathic Pain in HIV, Ellis (2008) notes that pain relief was greater with Marijuana than placebo. In essence, the proportion the subjects in the study achieving a pain relief of at least 30% were higher with those that smoked Marijuana (46%) as compared to the placebo (18%). Therefore, Ellis concludedRead MoreLegalization Of Marijuana And The United States For Recreational Use1287 Words   |  6 Pagesregular users of marijuana, this paper will argue that marijuana should remain illegal in the United States for recreational use. Arguments for the legalization of marijuana and arguments against the legalization of the drug will be discussed throughout the paper. It will address the biological effects of the drug on the human body, the current laws in place and the effects it has on children, adolescents and adults. The National Institute on Drug Abuse, (NIH), refers to marijuana as the â€Å"dried leaves

Digital Marketing Science and Social Media †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Digital Marketing Science and Social Media. Answer: Introduction: The product strategy refers to the product or service assortment offered by an organization to its customers. The services offered in the residential care centres are mainly services. The services offered at ACC are intangible. They include accommodation, high quality home care, and domestic assistance to help them with household chores such as household cleaning, washing and ironing clothes, and meals preparation (Nicholson, Meyer, Flatley, Holman, 2013). ACC shall reaffirm luxury living for senior citizens with the well-designed suites and infrastructure for the elite senior citizens in India. This service home shall add luxury along with assisted living by maintaining good health. The two types of accommodation shall be available: studio and suite. A suite shall have a separate living room and bedroom that offers more personal space and privacy. However, a studio shall have a combined area for sleeping and sitting. The room shall have double bed, writing table, geyser, built-in-cupboard, emergency call-point, microwave, refrigerator and coffee maker. Further, the elderly are provided with a special diet regime which is rich in proteins, vitamins and low on fat that encourages healthy living. The old age home also arranges leisure activities where they can interact with one another and spend some precious time. ACC shall have a minor operation management room and intensive care unit in case of emergency. The efficient medical facilit ies shall be provided by highly qualified MD doctors (Sixsmith et al., 2014). The pricing strategy refers to the price that offers maximum profitability while focusing on increasing market share. According to Tradingeconomics.com (2017), the GDP has been constantly rising in the recent years. The GDP in 2016 was 2.264 trillion USD (Tradingeconomics.com 2017). The GDP per capita in 2016 was 1,709.39 USD (Tradingeconomics.com, 2017). It indicates that India is tapping spending power into the people living in urban areas. The products and services designed at ACC targets the upper income class people. The price skimming strategy can be adopted by ACC in which the prices set shall be high at first. The prices may be lowered over time. The aim of this pricing strategy shall be to capture the consumer surplus at an early stage. ACC needs to enter the market in Mumbai and high prices Recently, the purchasing power of people in India has increased that allows the people to purchase premium products and services (The Economic Times, 2013). Premium charges may be introduced at ACC that shall suggest high value in the minds of the consumer. The upper income consumers shall care a little in spending when it comes to retirement or elderly care. This tactic may encourage the competitors to enter the market. The payment shall be made by the consumers using cash, credit card, debit card or other modes. The buyers may assume that the value of services will be durably good, which is why it shall be worth paying a hi gher price. However, ACC may attempt to lower the price after a certain length of time (Spann, Fischer, Tellis, 2014). Promotion Strategy Promotion mix refers to the mix that comprises of tools such as public relations, sales promotion and advertising that can be used by the marketing team to achieve goals and objectives. ACC may implement pull marketing approach in which the customers shall get to the old age home. Mass promotions, mouth of referrals and advertised sales promotions can be used to attract customers. Advertisements shall be shown on television, hoardings and social media to grab the attention of masses. Further, when the elderly or young ones notice the advertisement, they shall be looking to avail services at ACC after they get old or retirement. In this way, the customers shall be pulled towards ACC (Tiago Verssimo, 2014). Further, ACC can conduct advertisements and promotions on social or digital media. The social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and others can be used for engaging potential clients. The queries or concerns of the people can be addressed on social media sites for maximum engagement. Video campaigns can be organized at these sites including YouTube that shall catch maximum attention of the social media users. Moreover, digital channels such as television and radio may be used as a medium for advertising and promotion of the old age home. The budget for advertising and promotion must be allocated in a manner that allocates maximum amount for promotion on social media and television. These two channels are most widely used by the old age or young seekers looking for a luxurious retirement home (Ashley Tuten, 2015). Distribution and Logistics Strategy The distribution strategy ensures that the right product or service is delivered to the customers at the right time. ACC can consider partnering with multiple hospitals and organizations that can help broaden the scope of service delivery. As they key market segment is luxurious or upper income class of consumers, the location for the residential care homes shall be in proximity to malls, shopping centres, railway stations, and proposed metro station, and medical centre. This shall make ACC to cope with the needs of independent senior living in Mumbai (Karanja, Muathe, Thuo, 2014). The inventory needs to be managed for supplies required at the old age home such as groceries, stationery, medical supplies and others. The rightstrategyensures access to the right products, and it also helpscontrolcosts associated with buying and storing goods. The inventory pull system can be followed in which the production orders begin upon inventory reaching a certain level. Internet can be used as a successful marketing channel and the payment can be made virtually without having the need to visit the front office. The luxurious or upper income consumers may choose to purchase services by making the payment online as it is highly convenient. The services shall be customized depending on the needs of people (Feng, McVay, Skaife, 2014). References Ashley, C., Tuten, T. (2015). Creative strategies in social media marketing: An exploratory study of branded social content and consumer engagement.Psychology Marketing,32(1), 15-27. Feng, M., Li, C., McVay, S. E., Skaife, H. (2014). Does ineffective internal control over financial reporting affect a firm's operations? Evidence from firms' inventory management.The Accounting Review,90(2), 529-557. Karanja, S. C., Muathe, S. M. A., Thuo, J. K. (2014). The Effect of Marketing Capabilities and Distribution Strategy on Performance of MSP Intermediary Organisations' in Nairobi County, Kenya. Business Management and Strategy, 5(1), 197. Nicholson, C., Meyer, J., Flatley, M., Holman, C. (2013). The experience of living at home with frailty in old age: A psychosocial qualitative study.International Journal of Nursing Studies,50(9), 1172-1179. Sixsmith, J., Sixsmith, A., Fnge, A. M., Naumann, D., Kucsera, C. S. A. B. A., Tomsone, S., ... Woolrych, R. (2014). Healthy ageing and home: The perspectives of very old people in five European countries.Social Science Medicine,106, 1-9. Spann, M., Fischer, M., Tellis, G. J. (2014). Skimming or penetration? Strategic dynamic pricing for new products.Marketing Science,34(2), 235-249. The Economic Times, 2013.Rising purchasing power drives India's economic growth: OECD. [online] The Economic Times. Available at: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/indicators/rising-purchasing-power-drives-indias-economic-growth-oecd/articleshow/16839425.cms [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017]. Tiago, M. T. P. M. B., Verssimo, J. M. C. (2014). Digital marketing and social media: Why bother?.Business Horizons,57(6), 703-708. Tradingeconomics.com, 2017.India GDP | 1960-2017 | Data | Chart | Calendar | Forecast | News. [online] Tradingeconomics.com. Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017]. Tradingeconomics.com, 2017.India GDP per capita | 1960-2017 | Data | Chart | Calendar | Forecast. [online] Tradingeconomics.com. Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp-per-capita [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].

Leadership and Discipline in the United States Army free essay sample

Leadership and Discipline in the United States Army The tasks of an infantryman can range from mundane activities like scraping wax off of floors to adrenaline pumping activities like jumping out of airplanes or avoiding enemy gunfire.Whether a United States Army Infantryman is conducting area beautification in garrison or clearing a landing zone during a deployment, the common denominator in all infantryman tasks is leadership and the discipline of the soldier to follow the directives and orders of his leaders without questioning the task, the motives behind the directive or order, or the judgement of the leader issuing the directive or order. This is the essence of discipline; maintaining individual creative thought, while at the same time carrying out tasks and duties assigned in accordance with the instructions to which they were assigned. Discipline is doing the right thing at the right time. Leadership is the ability of an individual to motivate and accurately direct the efforts of individuals for whom which the leader has charge to accomplish a task or goal. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership and Discipline in the United States Army or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It requires instilling confidence in the soldiers and providing them with enough direction so that they can achieve the goal in a given time period. In the United States Army Infantry, good discipline and leadership are essential to successful mission accomplishment. Soldiers need to have the discipline to obey an order to attack a machine gun nest and face death.At the same time, leaders need to have the skills to motivate their soldiers to accomplish difficult goals. Discipline and leadership form a symbiotic relationship in which soldiers will recognize good leadership decision making processes and in return, develop a greater trust in the abilities of the leader. This trust will enable the soldiers to work harder to achieve the tasks put forth by the leaders in a manner that is conducive with how the leader would want the tasks to be accomplished.Leadership and discipline are like two opposite sides to one coin. While the infantry soldier should unquestioningly put his life at risk to accomplish a directive or order put forth by his leader, the leader needs to use his best judgement, knowledge of infantry tasks and skills, and experience to give the correct command in accordance with the situation at hand. While the soldier needs to be able to trust the judgment and decisions of the leader, the leader needs to ensure that the trust given to them by the soldiers is not misused. The question arises as o what would constitute misuse of trust on the part of the leader. Soldiers are taught in basic training that the NCO is always right. If an NCO says that two plus two equals five, then the soldier should agree. This is not done so that soldiers will blindly follow their leaders. Instead, it is to show the soldier that they should listen to their NCO and do what their NCO tells them to do. As the soldier begins to develop trust in his NCO, he will more readily strive to put forth his full effort in accomplishing the task put forth by his NCO.Even if an order given by and NCO does not make sense to the soldier, the soldier should do it anyways. The NCO is privy to more information than the soldier. Additionally, the NCO has more experience, knowledge and infantry skills than the soldier. The reason why a directive or order might not make sense to the soldier is due to the fact that the soldier is not able to see what needs to be accomplished in the same light as the NCO sees it. For an infantry leader to misuse the trust given to him by those under him, his directives or orders to the soldiers would need to be geared towards something other than the mission as put forth by the leader’s leader. His motivation in giving the order would not be in line with mission accomplishment. However, the higher an individual progresses in either the chain of command or the NCO support channel, the more ambiguity is present in each order or directive. The leader must be able to think through the best way to accomplish the mission given to him.Sometimes mistakes will be made. Judgement lapses are an inherent part of human nature. However, misuse of trust occurs when a leader knowingly does the wrong thing. This not only takes time and energy away from accomplishing the mission, it also has the potential for the leader’s soldiers to lose trust and confidence in the leader further deteriorating a unit’s ability to accomplish the mission. From the fire team level to the service branch level, missions are accomplished by groups of people or units.It is the leader’s job to ensure that the group successfully accomplishes this mission in the most efficient manner possible. The mission of the infantry is to close with and destroy the enemy through maneuver and fire. In order to accomplish this specific mission, individuals need to be able to function well in their units. There needs to be group cohesion in every fire team, squad, platoon, company and upwards. It is the leader’s job to ensure that this cohesion exists. Sometimes the only common aspects among members of a fire team is that they are in the United States Army Infantry, they all have the same team leader, and they are all tasked with the same mission. Their leader needs to ensure that they buy into this mission and are all trying to accomplish this mission. This accomplished through effective communication of the mission to the unit and through setting a good example on how to accomplish the mission by the leader. Anyone can communicate orders; the leader gets his soldiers to want to accomplish the tasks put forth in the orders.

The Worst and Best Breakup Lines

The Worst and Best Breakup Lines Your relationship is not working out. You have hit a dead-end, and now your relationship is a cesspool of broken promises, jealousy, and boredom. You know that you have to end the relationship, but how do you approach this issue sensitively? If you handle things callously, you may end up with a bruised eye. If you are oversensitive, you may end hanging on to a dead relationship, feeling bitter and exhausted. Breaking up with someone is never easy. Especially, if you have been with been with that person for a long time. However, if things come to a head, and you feel it is time to move on, it is best to have a clean break up without carrying the burden of heartbreak or unspoken feelings. Saying unkind words, calling each other names, or simply shutting all communication with your partner is extremely bad ways to break up. If you expect to be in a healthy relationship, you should at least have the maturity to break up without being abusive or selfish. How Not to Break Up: 6 Worst Breakup Lines That Can Land You in Trouble If you don’t want your current girlfriend or boyfriend to become a stalking ex, or your spouse to file for divorce on grounds of mental harassment, you must ensure that the breakup does not become an ugly brawl. Also, how you express to your partner that you are breaking up with her will go a long way in restoring her faith in relationships and men. Here are six common breakup lines that can land you in trouble. 1. â€Å"It’s not you, it’s me.† This is a classic excuse when you want to avoid confrontation. Though it may seem non-accusatory, this breakup line is not fair because you don’t give the person a chance to find out what really went wrong. Worse, its usually not true: there are usually reasons for breaking up that relate to incompatibility on both sides. So what do you do, if it is really not her, but you that is the problem in the relationship? What if you mean it, sincerely? If it’s really not her, but you that is the problem, explain why thats the case. Perhaps you are truly unable to commit to a long-term relationship because you are financially insecure, or emotionally overwhelmed, or still in love with your ex. If there really is something going on with you that makes a relationship impossible at this time, don’t leave without offering a genuine explanation for the breakup. 2. â€Å"I want to take it slow.† To most people, I want to take it slow means I like you and want to pursue this relationship but at a different speed. While its possible that your partner will respond by walking away from the relationship altogether, a decent human being will see an opening to a conversation about how youd like to proceed. Do you want to get together less frequently? Slow down your physical relationship?  Ã‚   Bottom line, asking to take it slow is a great way to slow down the pace of your romance (assuming that youre in the early stages of getting to know one another). Its a poor way to actually end a relationship, and its almost certainly the wrong thing to say if youve been in a committed relationship for years! 3. â€Å"I am not ready for a relationship.† If you were not ready to be involved, what were you doing all along? Why put on a charade, and then pull the plug just when your partner was getting serious? A breakup line such as this one shows that you have no respect for your partner’s feelings. It is okay to not want to take the relationship to the next level if you are not ready. However, it is not fair that you choose to break off the relationship because you suddenly realized that what you thought was a  fairy tale romance was actually a real-world relationship with a flawed human being. 4. â€Å"Let’s just be friends.† This is the most dangerous breakup line, ever. It sounds like you are giving a compensatory reward to your partner by promising to be â€Å"friends.† Really? Do you expect her to buy that? Did you know that by promising to be friends, you are asking for trouble? Breakups are hard, and at this vulnerable moment, you might end up together on a rebound. Because, hey, you said you wanted to be â€Å"friends,† right?  If you truly continue to spend time together as friends, you may never be able to move on and never able to fully commit to your partner. 5. â€Å"I will always love you, but never like that.† Did you suddenly decide to become a saint? If you ever decide to use this breakup line, don’t be surprised if you end up with a bloody nose or an egg on your face. Why would you say that you love her when you don’t? Many people use this breakup line in the heat of the moment, hoping to diffuse the tension. However, this breakup line will always haunt you, even after you have long moved on. Don’t throw crumbs at your partner. It is not fair for you to break her heart, after leading her on to believe that you loved her. 6. Youre great, but it is really your sister I fancy. Even if this is the truth, please dont blurt it out. Some truths are best buried. You date a girl, only to later fall in love with her sister. How do you think shes going to take the news? Would she hug you and say, Oh wow! Im so happy to have you as my boyfriend and brother-in-law!? Or would she kick you out of her house and her life, the moment you utter those words? And what good would it do you to inform her that your heart flutters at the sight of her sister? No self-respecting girl would ever take this breakup line well. 9 Perfect Breakup Lines from Famous People Here are 9 famous quotes to use for breakup lines. They help to communicate the pain of breakup without seeming over the top. Use them to create your own personal breakup line. Borrow the ideas without making it clichà ©d. Let your breakup line be as memorable as your pickup line was.:   Maggi Richard Two words. Three vowels. Four consonants. Seven letters. It can either cut you open to the core and leave you in ungodly pain or it can free your soul and lift a tremendous weight off your shoulders. The phrase is: Its over. Marilyn Monroe Sometimes good things fall apart so better things can fall together. Sarah Mlynowski Just because a relationship ends, it doesn’t mean it’s not worth having. Alex Elle I’m thankful for my struggle because without it I wouldn’t have stumbled across my strength. Amit Kalantri I cannot compromise my respect for your love. You can keep your love, I will keep my respect. Judith McNaught,  Paradise Either give me your hand, or end it now, and put us both out of our misery. Lone Star I’m going to smile and make you think I’m happy, I’m going to laugh, so you don’t see me cry, I’m going to let you go in style, and even if it kills me – I’m going to smile. Fannie Flagg,  Fried Green Tomatoes at the Whistle Stop Cafe You know, a heart can be broken, but it keeps on beating, just the same. S. B. Morse,  Now and at the Hour of Our Death A broken heart is just the growing pains necessary so that you can love more completely when the real thing comes along.

HMS Queen Mary at the Battle of Jutland

HMS Queen Mary at the Battle of Jutland HMS Queen Mary was a British battlecruiser that entered service in 1913. The last battlecruiser completed for the Royal Navy prior to World War I, it saw action during the early engagements of the conflict. Sailing with the 1st Battlecruiser Squadron, Queen Mary was lost at the Battle of Jutland in May 1916. HMS Queen Mary Nation:  Great BritainType:  BattlecruiserShipyard:  Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron CompanyLaid Down:  March 6, 1911Launched:  March 20, 1912Commissioned:  September 4, 1913Fate:  Sunk at the Battle of Jutland, May 31, 1916 Specifications Displacement:  27,200 tonsLength:  703 ft., 6 in.Beam:  89 ft., 0.5 in.Draft:  32 ft., 4 in.Propulsion:  Parsons direct-drive steam turbines, 42 Yarrow boilers, 4 x propellersSpeed:  28 knotsRange:  6,460 miles at 10 knotsComplement:  1,275 men Armament 4 Ãâ€" 2 – BL 13.5-inch Mk V guns16 Ãâ€" 1 – BL 4-inch Mk VII guns2 Ãâ€" 1 – 21-inch Mk II submerged torpedo tubes Background On October 21, 1904, Admiral John Jackie Fisher became First Sea Lord at the behest of King Edward VII. Tasked with reducing expenditures and modernizing the Royal Navy, he also began advocating for all big gun battleships. Moving forward with this initiative, Fisher had the revolutionary HMS Dreadnought built two years later. Featuring ten 12-in. guns, Dreadnought instantly made all existing battleships obsolete. Fisher next desired to support this class of battleship with a new type of cruiser that sacrificed armor for speed. Dubbed battlecruisers, the first of this new class, HMS Invincible, was laid down in April 1906. It was Fishers vision that battlecruisers would conduct reconnaissance, support the battle fleet, protect commerce, and pursue a defeated enemy. Over the next eight years, several battlecruisers were constructed by both the Royal Navy and the German Kaiserliche Marine. Design Ordered as part of the 1910–11 Naval Program along with four King George V-class battleships, HMS Queen Mary was to be the sole ship of its class. A follow-on to the earlier Lion-class, the new ship featured an altered interior arrangement, a redistribution of its secondary armament, and a longer hull than its predecessors. Armed with eight 13.5 in. guns in four twin turrets, the battlecruiser also carried sixteen 4 in. guns mounted in casemates. The ships armament received direction from an experimental fire-control system designed by Arthur Pollen. Queen Marys armor scheme varied little from the Lions and was thickest amidships. At the waterline, between B and X turrets, the ship was protected by 9 Krupp cemented armor.   This thinned moving towards the bow and stern. An upper belt of reached a thickness of 6 over the same length. Armor for the turrets consisted of 9 on the front and sides and varied from 2.5 to 3.25 on the roofs. The battlecruisers conning tower was protected by 10 on the sides and 3 on the roof. Additionally, Queen Marys armored citadel was closed off by 4 transverse bulkheads. Power for the new design came from two paired sets of Parsons direct-drive turbines which turned four propellers. While the outboard propellers were turned by high-pressure turbines, the inner propellers were turned by low-pressure turbines. In a change from other British ships since Dreadnought, which had positioned the officers quarters near their action stations amidships, Queen Mary saw them returned to their traditional location in the stern. As a result, it was it the first British battlecruiser to possess a sternwalk. Construction Laid down on March 6, 1911 at Palmer Shipbuilding and Iron Company in Jarrow, the new battlecruiser was named for King George Vs wife, Mary of Teck. Work progressed over the next year and Queen Mary slid down the ways on March 20, 1912, with Lady Alexandrina Vane-Tempest serving as the Queens representative. Initial work on the battlecruiser ended in May 1913 and sea trials were conducted through June. Though Queen Mary utilized more powerful turbines than earlier battlecruisers, it only barely exceeded its design speed of 28 knots. Returning to the yard for final alterations, Queen Mary came under the command of Captain Reginald Hall. With the completion of the ship, it entered commission on September 4, 1913. World War I Assigned to Vice Admiral David Beattys 1st Battlecruiser Squadron, Queen Mary commenced operations in the North Sea. The following spring saw the battlecruiser make a port call at Brest before a voyage to Russia in June. In August, with Britains entry into World War I, Queen Mary and its consorts prepared for combat. On August 28, 1914, the 1st Battlecruiser Squadron sortied in support of a raid on the German coast by British light cruisers and destroyers. In the early fighting during the Battle of Heligoland Bight, British forces had difficulty disengaging and the light cruiser HMS Arethusa was crippled. Under fire from the light cruisers SMS Strassburg and SMS Cà ¶ln, it called for aid from Beatty. Steaming to the rescue, his battlecruisers, including Queen Mary, sank Cà ¶ln and the light cruiser SMS Ariadne before covering the British withdrawal. Refit That December, Queen Mary took part in Beattys attempt to ambush German naval forces as they conducted a raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool, and Whitby. In a confused series of events, Beatty failed to bring the Germans to battle and they successfully escaped back the Jade Estuary. Withdrawn in December 1915, Queen Mary received a new fire control system before entering the yard for a refit the following month. As a result, it was not with Beatty for the Battle of Dogger Bank on January 24. Returning to duty in February, Queen Mary continued to operate with the 1st Battlecruiser Squadron through 1915 and into 1916. In May, British naval intelligence learned that the German High Seas Fleet had left port. Loss at Jutland Steaming in advance of Admiral Sir John Jellicoes Grand Fleet, Beattys battlecruisers, supported by the battleships of the 5th Battle Squadron, collided with Vice Admiral Franz Hippers battlecruisers in the opening phases of the Battle of Jutland. Engaging at 3:48 PM on May 31, the German fire proved accurate from the outset. At 3:50 PM, Queen Mary opened fire on SMS Seydlitz with its forward turrets. As Beatty closed the range, Queen Mary scored two hits on its opponent and disabled one of Seydlitzs aft turrets. Around 4:15, HMS Lion came under intense fire from Hippers ships. The smoke from this obscured HMS Princess Royal forcing SMS Derfflinger to shift its fire to Queen Mary. As this new enemy engaged, the British ship continued to trade hits with Seydlitz. At 4:26 PM, a shell from Derfflinger struck Queen Mary detonating one or both of its forward magazines. The resulting explosion broke the battlecruiser in half near its foremast. A second shell from Derfflinger may have hit further aft. As the after part of the ship began to roll, it was rocked by a ​large explosion before sinking. Of Queen Marys crew, 1,266 were lost while only twenty were rescued. Though Jutland resulted in a strategic victory for the British, it saw two battlecruisers, HMS Indefatigable and Queen Mary, lost with nearly all hands. An investigation into the losses led to changes in ammunition handling aboard British ships as the report showed that cordite handling practices may have contributed to the loss of the two battlecruisers.

7 short answer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

7 short answer - Essay Example The Mexican land owners were turned into aliens in the land where they were born and brought up. Both the Mexican landowners and the squatters faced a moral dilemma when the act came into being. In his death bed, Don Mariano Alamar blamed the US government which allowed the squatters to stake claims on the land owned by the Californios, like him. He said that the squatters were victims of a wrong legislation as he was. He also blamed the government for subverting moral principles so that this could happen. In the world of ‘The Squatter and the Don’, a gentleman is a Californio and not a squatter or a brigand. A gentleman also means, a person who knows how to keep his beloved away from suffering and pain. 5) In the closing chapter of Death Comes for the Archbishop, Latour expresses satisfaction at having lived to see the end of two great injustices. One of them is the end of slavery in the U.S. What is the other one? The second injustice alluded to by Latour was the injustice suffered by the Navajos, the Indian tribes living in the Northern America. Their land was invaded by the generals from United States and they were made landless. But in 1868, by an agreement, they were â€Å"resorted to their own country† and thus the injustice mentioned by Latour in this novel got corrected to some extent (Cather, 290). Thomas Stupen had an affair with the grand daughter of Wash Jones but after she gave birth to a girl child, Stupen was unhappy that he did not have a male heir. Hence he abandoned the woman and the child after telling them that they were not even worthy of sleeping in his stables, which enraged Jones and he killed Stupen. Dew Breaker means a person who destroys the serenity of the grass that stands fresh in the morning dew. In this novel, a Dew Breaker is the member of a group who tortured and killed thousands of people during the rule of Franà §ois and Jean-Claude Duvalier in

Fire in vestegation proposel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fire in vestegation proposel - Essay Example The objectives of the study are: 1) review techniques and approaches used in the investigation of fires in facilities; 2) develop an approach for the investigation of fire in facilities; and 3) recommend good practices for the investigation of fire in facilities. According to Burgoyne (1982), fire investigations are conducted in various circumstances for various purposes. However, the sole objective is to determine the cause of fire. Fire investigation is best conducted like a scientific research project, where a hypothesis is formed and refined in steps. The process involves the collection of evidence. These results in conclusion that is in closest conformity with the evidence ascertained, and expressed in a report that is well constructed. Often, practical considerations may lead to curtailing of the process. However, the different sources and kinds of evidence require balanced attention. According to Kobes et al. (2010), a critical aspect of safety in a building is the possibility of safe escape in the event of a fire. Fire safety facilities must enable independent and adequate fire response performances by the occupants of the building. Practically, legal measures do not always provide support for people in burning buildings. This has necessitated the understanding of how individuals behave in the event of fire, and fire evacuation becomes essential. This enables bringing fire safety measures in line with occupants needs in the event of fire. Critical factors that determine occupants’ fire response performances include characteristics of fire; human beings; and buildings. Psychonomics has a significant influence on occupants’ fire response performances. The traditional approach to fire safety must be supplemented by scientific knowledge from the field. Critical factors that determine fire response performance include fire response performance; danger factor of fire; the human factor; and the

Chinese Nationalist Party Essay Example for Free

Chinese Nationalist Party Essay On 1 October 1949, Mao Zedong, leader of the Chinese Communist Party declared victory over the Nationalist Party (Guomindang) and brought an end to four brutally long years of Civil War. The Communist victory in the Civil War has however, created significant debate among historians, namely: was a Communist victory inevitable and if so is it more sensible to see the Chinese Civil War as a Communist victory or as a Nationalist defeat?When researching these questions it becomes blatantly obvious that the Guomindang government led by Chiang Kai-Shek was riddled with problems and they are very much the cause of their own downfall. Widespread government corruption, spiraling inflation, loss of public confidence and intractable poverty are just a few of the failings the Guomindang afflicted upon the Chinese people. These monumental failings make a Communist victory seem almost inevitable, in that they just happened to be there to assume power as the Nationalists lost support and drowned in their own mistakes. In this sense it is more sensible to view the Civil War as a Nationalist defeat, rather than a Communist victory. On the other hand, the Communists were able to turn dismal rural poverty and the Japanese invasion into assets, using them to convince villagers that radical change was imperative and that the Communist Party was best qualified to bring about this change. Seen in this light, superior strategy and organisational methods allowed the Communists to achieve victory and not just move into a vacuum as suggested by Barnett (Barnett, 1965: 1). There is certainly an element of inevitability with regard to the Communist victory, however, in this essay I will argue that not only was the outcome of the Chinese Civil War not preordained, but I will also critically evaluate the reasons the Guomindang lost the Civil War and explain that given their policy mistakes, the Civil War should be seen as a Nationalist defeat rather than a Communist victory. If the Nationalists had been willing to adapt and had they initiated some changes in their strategies, the Communist Party, no matter what its internal organisation or external strategies, would not have been able to bring revolution to China. This theory is not supported by Kubek, who argues that the cause of the  Nationalist defeat was due to a lack of aid from the United States, declaring sovietisation of China and Manchuria could be the only logical outcome of post-war United States policy in China (Kubek, 1965: 62). This view point is unduly simplistic and overvalues Americas role in China, an opinion supported by Chang, who believes the Guomindang governments failure was due not so much to lack of American support, but to its inherent defects (Chang, 1965: 40). Before analysing these inherent defects and the reasons that the Nationalist Party lost the Civil War, it is important to understand the fundamentals of the situation in China at the end of World War Two; specifically the consequences of the eight year war with Japan that totally exhausted the Guomindang militarily, economically and spiritually. Hsu argues that the war with Japan is the single most important cause for the downfall of the Nationalists and had there been no Japanese war, the situation in China would have been very different (Hsu, 1990: 734). Many of the Guomindangs problems such as factionalism, corruption and leadership were prevalent prior to the Sino-Japanese War; however it was during the last phases of the Sino-Japanese War that these problems reached crisis proportions and in hindsight it seems impossible that the Guomindang could have overcome these problems to defeat the Communists (Service, 1965: 29). Chang also believes that the Guomindang faced insurmountable problems prior to the Civil War, stating that the government of Chiang Kai-Shek was built on quicksand and clay. How can it stand? Is it any wonder that it fell like a house of cards when it had to face the Communist crisis? (Chang, C. 1965: 41). Westad, (2003: 7) however argues that in spite of the Guomindangs weaknesses, the outcome of the post-war conflict with the Communists was no way predetermined in 1945. At the end of the Sino-Japanese War the Guomindang held significant advantages over the Communists, with its widely recognised legitimate government controlling China, giving it the power to tax and conscript. On the other hand, the Communists could not match the Guomindangs troops in terms of training and equipment and could be  outgunned and outmanoeuvred in all major regions of the country (Westad, 2003: 8). Furthermore, the Communist party was hardly represented in the cities at all, which of course was the power base of the Guomindang. However, the Communists also had successes resulting from the war with Japan including increasing their area of control and practiced evolving their strategies of protracted guerrilla warfare against the Japanese which in turn generated public support. Despite this the partys main forces were still located in North-west China and they were not in such a powerful position that a civil war with the Guomindang would be a mere formality in securing control of the country. The Civil War is therefore simply not a case of the imminent decline of the Guomindang and the Communists irresistible rise. Rather the Sino-Japanese War provided the framework for the decisions and strategies that would ultimately lead to Nationalist defeat. The war with Japan left the Guomindang decimated and they did need to undergo reform in order to survive; however the factionalism and corruption within the Guomindang resulted in increasingly repressive controls being implemented upon the war weary Chinese people. At a time when new strategies were needed, the government instead continued its repressive controls and when war again broke out, the government lost even more support and collapsed with cataclysmic speed. This was due in no small part to the leadership of the Guomindang, whose perpetuation of their own power dominated over all other considerations (Service, 1965: 28). The arrogance and mismanagement of the Guomindang alienated the Chinese people and caused a loss of public confidence and respect. This loss of respect not only resulted in the Nationalists losing influence in their own power bases, but made it easier for the Communists to exploit this public disharmony and encourage the Chinese people to think that a change in administration would bring about a change in their fortunes. An example of the Guomindangs poor leadership strategies can be seen in their occupation of former Japanese colonies (Service, 1965: 29). The Chinese citizens within these Japanese occupied territories had waited eight  years for the return of Nationalist rule, but instead of being treated as victims of war, they were exploited. The Guomindang leaders did not return their land but acquired it as their own property; moreover, they virtually eliminated the monetary assets of these people. This was caused by the currency in the occupied territories going through extreme inflation as the government only offered the exorbitant exchange rate of two hundred to one; when a more reasonable rate would have been half that much (Phillips, 1996: 158). Furthermore, the puppet leaders that had been installed by the Japanese often kept their positions or became members of the Guomindang. Poor policy decisions such as this would lead to the downfall of the Guomindang, as it is impossible to fight a n effective war without the support of the people and the economic policies of the government alienated millions of suffering people. The Guomindangs economic problems were not limited to the territories formerly occupied by the Japanese. All over China inflation was an exceptionally large problem, for as the increases seen during the Japanese War were allowed to spiral out of control during the Civil War. Service, (1965: 29) argues that this is a direct result of corruption within the Guomindang, and that they refused to take any effective steps to check inflation or implement agricultural reforms for fear of losing the support of the landlord class in China. In view of this, the Guomindang developed urban industry at the expense of agricultural and financed this by simply printing more bank notes. Their economic mismanagement was disastrous for the majority of the Chinese people and meant that by 1948 government expenditure had become thirty times larger when compared to its pre-war level; the budget deficit had also blown out to thirty times it pre-war level and inflation was increasing at the rate of thirty per cent a month (Chang, K. 1965: 23). The Nationalist government faced imminent financial doom and the Chinese people were becoming aware of the selfish nature of their government whose economic policies and financial mismanagement destroyed the livelihood of hundreds of millions of Chinese. The failings of the Guomindang would provide the Communist party with ample opportunities to exploit the discontent of the Chinese people. This was one of the reasons for the Communist victory in that they were able to gain the support of people from the rural areas who the Guomindang had alienated. An example of this can be seen in the rural land reforms implemented in newly gained territories. In these areas the Communists promoted production and ensured supplies by creating a self-sufficient economy. To rouse the productive enthusiasm of the peasants, they launched a campaign to reduce rent and interest. Peasant associations and other organisations were urged to demand and enforce a 25 percent rent reduction, with a rent ceiling set at 37.5 percent of the crops. The interest rate on loans was limited to 1.5 percent a month, or 18 percent a year, much lower that the excessive rate formerly charged by the landlords (Westad, 2003: 11 and Fielding, 1999: 134). They were able to achieve these reforms without confiscating large amounts of land, as considerable redistribution of land to the peasants was accomplished by impo sing graduated taxes in such a way that larger landholders voluntarily sold land because it was no longer profitable. It is arguable that the Communists had no intention of eliminating the economic power of the landlords, but instead they showed the peasants that they could exercise their power locally and play an active role in the war against a government that some had come to despise. The Communists gave the peasants what they wanted: an army of friendly troops who not only did not steal their crops but helped them bring in the harvest and who implemented popular but gradual economic reforms (Ebrey, 1996: 289). This is in stark contrast to the Guomindang who did not understand the peasants and showed no interest in aiding them. They failed to see the revolutionary potential of the peasant masses and unlike the Communist Party never attempted to organise them. This situation was best summarised by Hsu: the stone that one builder had rejected became the cornerstone of the others house (Hsu, 1990: 738). However, many of the most important cause of the Nationalist defeat during the Civil War were military ones. Despite emerging from the Japanese War better equipped and trained, the Nationalist Army was a tired force (Hsu, 1990: 734). This war-weariness was felt throughout China and there was  widespread recognition that full scale civil war would be a tragedy for the country. It is therefore, not surprising that the Guomindangs persistence in military aggression towards the Communists, who were Chinese after all, failed to arouse the same patriotic loyalty as when the enemies were Japanese (Stuart, 1965: 19). Given this situation the Nationalist Army needed good leadership and to gain the support of the people; they were unsuccessful on both counts. This was largely due to the leadership system created by Chiang Kai-Shek that was a congerie of conservative political cliques concerned primarily with maintaining their own power (Service, 1965: 30). Furthermore, the highest military posts were reserved for those who like Chiang Kai-Shek had graduated from the Whampoa military academy and this often meant that more talented officers were turned away. General Barr of the United States said of the Guomindang leadership in 1949 that, their military debacles in my opinion can all be attributed to the worlds worst leadership and many other morale destroying factors that lead to a complete loss of will to fight (Barr, 1949: x quoted in Bianco, 1971: 180). In fact, many battles were lost by the Nationalists without a fight, as hundreds of thousands of troops simply defected or surrendered to the Communists (Barnett, 1965: 5). An example of this may be seen during the Huai-Huai Campaign, where poor military leadership caused the Nationalist troops to become surrounded and resulted in an irreparable loss of manpower without a fight (Phillips, 1996: 158). Rather than undertaking offensives to seek out and destroy the main mobile guerrilla units of the Communists, they holed up for the most part in isolated, vulnerable, defensive positions allowing the Communists to concentrate their forces and attack and overwhelm Nationalists positions one by one (Barnett, 1965: 5). This strategy played into the hands of the Communists whose primary goal was to reduce the numbers of the Nationalist army. They were not concerned with holding specific geographic areas and this allowed them to be a lot more flexible in their attacks. Moreover, the Communist troops were ordered to avoid large battles and to engage the enemy only when there was a high probability of victory. Mao Zedong argued that the only way guerrilla warfare could succeed  is if the army had the support of the people, and the Communists certainly had this (Mao Zedong, 1940: x cited in Bianco, 1971: 184). The Communists successfully achieved this through the use of propaganda. They portrayed themselves as defenders of the nation and the Guomindang as enemies of all levels of society, from peasant to scholar (Chang, C. 1965: 40). Chiang Kai-shek himself admitted that the Nationalists failure in propaganda was a major defect in our struggle against Communism (Kai-shek, 1965: 77). Despite this, the Nationalist army had many opportunities to seriously weaken the Communists. However, their leadership too often committed crucial tactical mistakes, which were the result of lack of communication and disputes within the party caused by the factionalism that riddled the Guomindang leadership (Westad, 2003: 11). Clique politics and factionalism would eventually lead to the situation where unified action to either solve the problems in Nationalist held territory or to fight against the Communists became virtually impossible (Barnett, 1965: 6). This is in stark contrast to the leadership of the Communist armies, whose generals were not concerned with personal gain, but instead co-operated with each other and gained the support of the Chinese people and worked towards a united goal (Westad, 2003: 9). These superior military tactics and aforementioned economic reforms brought the Communists wide spread support and ultimately victory. However, this victory would never have been achievable were it not for the military, economic and social failings of the Guomindang. Chiang Kai-Shek himself admitted major defects in organisation and technique in the Nationalists war against Communism, however he argued that these defects were remediable, so long as our strategy and policy were correct, I believe we still could have won (Kai-Shek, 1965: 82). It is in this light that the Chinese Civil War should be viewed not as a Communist victory, but as a Nationalist defeat. There is no doubt that the war against Japan was a crushing blow to the Nationalists economic and military power, however it was not fatal. The  Nationalist government could have continued to consolidate its power and authority by the sheer weight of its military strength and financial resources (Tsou, 1965: 28). Even though the Nationalist government was far from popular, it was the most powerful military and economic force in China and could have survived if it had been willing to regain the support of the people. Defeat to the Communists was therefore, far from inevitable, and the Nationalists were very much the engineers of their own demise. BIBLIOGRAPHY Barnett, A. (1965), Multiple factors, in Pichon Loh (ed.) The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Conquest or Collapse? D.C. Heath Company, BostonBianco, Lucien. (1971), Origins of the Chinese Revolution, 1915-1949 Stanford University Press, StanfordChang, Carsun. (1965), Chiang Kai-shek and Kuomintang dictatorship, in PichonLoh (ed.) The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Conquest or Collapse? D.C. Heath Company, BostonChang, Kia-Ngua. (1965) War and Inflation in Pichon Loh (ed.) The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Conquest or Collapse? D.C. Heath Company, BostonEbrey, Patricia. (1996), Cambridge Illustrated History: China, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, EnglandFielding, Mark Morcombe, Margot. (1999), The Spirit of Change China in Revolution McGraw Hill Book Company, Roseville, NSWHsu, Immanuel C.Y. (1990), The Rise of Modern China Oxford University Press, New YorkKai-shek, Chiang 1965, Communist designs and Kuomintang blunders, inPichon Loh (ed.) The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Conquest o r Collapse?, D.C. Heath Company, BostonKubek, Anthony 1965, Communist subversion and American appeasement, inPichon Loh (ed.) The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Conquest or Collapse?, D.C. Heath Company, BostonPhillips, Richard. (1996) China since 1911 St Martins Press, New York. Service, John S. 1965, The enthronement of reaction, in Pichon Loh (ed.)The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Conquest or Collapse?, D.C. Heath Company,BostonStuart, John L. (1965), Popular Discontent and Creeping Paralysis, in Pichon Loh (ed.)The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Conquest or Collapse?, D.C. Heath Company,BostonTsou, Tang 1965, Contradictions between program and practise, in PichonLoh (ed.) The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Conquest or Collapse?, D.C. Heath Company, BostonWestad, Odd Arne 2003, Decisive Encounters: the Chinese Civil War 1946 -1950, Stanford University Press, California

The Crucible and Why Reputation is Important :: Essay on The Crucible

Many people believe that teenagers are reckless, rude, and untruthful human beings. It seems that teenagers are always under the pressure to â€Å"look cool,† and not do anything embarrassing. Reputation means a great deal to many high schoolers, because it seems that you only get one chance to make a good impression. In the Crucible, Abigail and the other girls fear that their reputation will be destroyed if the would be known as witches. Teenagers today have so much pressure on themselves. They have to get good grades, to get into their choice of college. They also are under the pressure to have and keep a good reputation, just as Abigail and the girls of Salem had to keep theirs. We have all experienced a time during our teenage years when our parents told us not to do something, but we did it anyways, because we thought that we could outsmart our parents and not get into trouble. In the Crucible, the following quote â€Å"She made me do it! She made Betty do it!† Abigail is blaming Tituba, for them dancing in the forest, and told everyone that Tituba was with the Devil and that she was a witch. This shows that Abigail and the girls did no want to get in trouble, or confess for dancing in the forest. So they came up with the idea of saying that it was witchcraft and that they were forced upon their own will. In today’s society teenagers are faced with the same type of pressure. When on person gets in trouble, they tend to point the finger at someone else, for mainly one reason: so they do not get into trouble for their wrong doings. In the Salem Witch Trials the girls of Salem told a lie, so they would not get into trouble for dancing in the forest. In the end this caused them to hurt the lives of many men and women who were wrongly accused, because of false accusations. A good reputation is hard to achieve and even harder to keep. Teenagers take their reputation very seriously. One accusation or wrong action can see like the end of the world. Some teenagers believe that if they can blame someone else, then their problems will disappear. But that belief is misinterpreted. Anything that goes around comes around. Power is a very strapping word. The Crucible and Why Reputation is Important :: Essay on The Crucible Many people believe that teenagers are reckless, rude, and untruthful human beings. It seems that teenagers are always under the pressure to â€Å"look cool,† and not do anything embarrassing. Reputation means a great deal to many high schoolers, because it seems that you only get one chance to make a good impression. In the Crucible, Abigail and the other girls fear that their reputation will be destroyed if the would be known as witches. Teenagers today have so much pressure on themselves. They have to get good grades, to get into their choice of college. They also are under the pressure to have and keep a good reputation, just as Abigail and the girls of Salem had to keep theirs. We have all experienced a time during our teenage years when our parents told us not to do something, but we did it anyways, because we thought that we could outsmart our parents and not get into trouble. In the Crucible, the following quote â€Å"She made me do it! She made Betty do it!† Abigail is blaming Tituba, for them dancing in the forest, and told everyone that Tituba was with the Devil and that she was a witch. This shows that Abigail and the girls did no want to get in trouble, or confess for dancing in the forest. So they came up with the idea of saying that it was witchcraft and that they were forced upon their own will. In today’s society teenagers are faced with the same type of pressure. When on person gets in trouble, they tend to point the finger at someone else, for mainly one reason: so they do not get into trouble for their wrong doings. In the Salem Witch Trials the girls of Salem told a lie, so they would not get into trouble for dancing in the forest. In the end this caused them to hurt the lives of many men and women who were wrongly accused, because of false accusations. A good reputation is hard to achieve and even harder to keep. Teenagers take their reputation very seriously. One accusation or wrong action can see like the end of the world. Some teenagers believe that if they can blame someone else, then their problems will disappear. But that belief is misinterpreted. Anything that goes around comes around. Power is a very strapping word.

Bayou Meto

Chris Bryan Professor Swain English 1013 8 October 2012 Bayou Meto Wildlife Management Area Bayou Meto is one of the most special places in Southeast Arkansas because it offers hunters and fisherman a great place to hunt and fish. Bayou Meto, better known as the â€Å"Scatters†, is located in Arkansas and Jefferson counties. The Arkansas Game and Fish Commission purchased it in the 1930’s and people keep coming back year after year. Bayou Meto has various access points to begin a hunting or fishing trip. Bayou Meto WMA can be reached off  U. S. highways 79, 165, 152, 88 and 276.Access to most of the area is by walk-in and boat only. A few locations to begin a hunt would be: Long Pond, Long Bell, Buckingham Flats, Cannon Brake, Temple Island, and Beaver Dam Slough. Fishing locations would include Cox Cypress, Wrape Plantation, and Halowell Reservoir. Bayou Meto is mainly known for duck hunting. People from all over the country travel to the Scatters every year to shoot ducks in those famous woods. It is rated by Ducks Unlimited to be one of the top places to duck hunt in the world. It used to be a popular place for guided duck hunts until it was banned in the 1980’s.Guiding was banned because it was against the law to accept money from people in a public hunting area. The duck limit per day is three mallards and two wood ducks. Bayou Meto is one of the largest state-owned wildlife management areas in the nation, encompassing 33,832 acres in Arkansas and Jefferson counties. Bayou Meto is full of bayous and creeks that flood the timber that the ducks use for feeding on acorns. The water level of Bayou Meto all depends on the amount of rain it receives. If it is a dry year there will not be enough water to duck hunt.Hunters often get disappointed when this happens. About thirteen thousand acres are flooded if the water is high during duck season. Oak trees are found throughout the woods, and they produce a plentiful amount of acorns, which th e wildlife feed on. Deer hunting is also very popular in the Scatters. There have been many state records killed in the Scatters. The Arkansas Game and Fish Commission plants food plots each year that increases deer antler growth. Many hunters choose to hunt over the food plots or nearby farm fields. The deer also feed on the acorns that fall from the oak trees in the woods.The Eastern Wild Turkey is a very popular animal to hunt as well. The turkey population is very good in the Scatters. The limit for turkeys in the Scatters is two gobblers. The turkeys also feed in the food plots with deer. Small game hunting attracts a lot of hunters also. Raccoon hunting is the most popular form of hunting. Hunters also like to hunt: coyotes, bobcats, crows, rabbits, and squirrels. Coyotes and bobcats are a major problem because they kill turkeys and baby deer. The Scatters offers some of the best fishing in Arkansas.The most popular fish to catch is the Largemouth Bass. The Crappie and Bream a re also very popular fish to catch. The Arkansas Game and Fish stocks the Wrape Plantation with fish each year to ensure a fisherman will have a good fishing trip. The Scatters is a great place to spend time in the outdoors. It offers numerous hunting and fishing opportunities. The Arkansas Game and Fish strives to make this one of the most special places in the state and in the country. These thirty three thousand acres should give the outdoorsman a great chance to catch a fish or kill an animal.

How Does Orwell Convey His Thoughts and Feelings to the Reader Essay

George Orwell conveys his thoughts and feelings to the reader in many numbers of ways. One way in which he does this, is with his use of language in the third paragraph. Although the third paragraph is very short, it is clear to see what George Orwell’s feelings are about the Elephant. ‘It seemed to me that it would be murder to shoot him’ shows the reader that Orwell did not want to shoot the Elephant as he would feel like he had murdered someone. From this evidence, we can deduce that Orwell believes that Elephants have human characteristics otherwise; he would not say that killing an Elephant was ‘murder. Also in the third paragraph, when George Orwell uses the word ‘grandmotherly’ to describe the ‘air that elephants have. ’ The reader is able to see that Orwell believes that the Elephant contains human characteristics. He would not being using a word like ‘grandmotherly’ to describe an Elephant as it is a word associated with humans. Another way in which Orwell conveys his thoughts and feelings to the reader is by his mention of the ‘immense’ crowd. Throughout the passage, Orwell is always making a point about the crowd which has gathered to watch him kill the Elephant. When Orwell is saying things such as ‘the immense crowd’ and ‘the will of the faces behind me’ it shows the reader that Orwell feels like without the crowd, he would be unable to shoot the poor defenceless giant. It is also clear to see that Orwell is put under intense pressure by the masses that are willing him on to kill the Elephant. When Orwell says ‘The crowd grew very still†¦happy sigh, as of people who see the theatre curtain go up at last’ shows to the reader that Orwell killing the Elephant is like a show for the thousands of Burmese people watching him. This creates pressure on Orwell as he is playing the role of a lone actor. It is as if he is the star of a one man show. As he is the only way ‘acting’ he is the only one under pressure from the large crowds, which have gathered with anticipation to see him perform. The performance is Orwell shooting the Elephant. The final way in which Orwell conveys his feelings and thoughts to the reader is the tone Orwell’s narrative adopts. The tone adopted by the narrative is friendly, revealing yet informal. This approach helps to draw the reader in to the passage. A revealing tone is created by Orwell throughout the passage as he is always revealing that he does not want to shoot the Elephant, but the presence of the crowd is forcing him to do it. Evidence for this is ‘it would be murder to shoot him’ and ‘To come all that way, rifle in hand, with two thousand people marching at my heels, and then to trail feebly away†¦no that was impossible. ’ Orwell creates a friendly tone in his passage by using words such as ‘laugh’ and ‘happy. ’ Although these words may be out of context, they still show the reader that Orwell is attempting to make as much of a friendly atmosphere for the reader as possible. The final tone Orwell creates is an informal one. This is clear to see throughout the passage as Orwell is always using an informal tone. The informal tone shows to the reader that Orwell believes (thinks) that the passage does not need to be formal as the topic which he is discussing is an informal topic. To conclude, George Orwell conveys his thoughts and feelings to the reader in three different ways. These three ways, are equally revealing as they all convey Orwell’s many different thoughts and feelings to the reader.

An Occurrence At Owl Creek Bridge

An Occurrence At Owl Creek Bridge At the beginning of "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge," we see a man standing over a bridge with a noose about his neck, as his execution is about to happen. The man has a thought before he is to be thrown over the side, and that is "If I could free my hands," from which an entire story develops. He sees himself escaping after the rope snaps and swimming in the creek while dodging shots from Union soldiers making his way home. At the moment of his arrival, his neck snaps for us to discover that he never left the bridge, and that all that had happened was in his mind in the instant that he was falling off the bridge to his death.The illusion of his mind is difficult to go through, but upon closer inspection, we see the little expression of reality on this alternate reality that Farquhar is experiencing.No mind games committeeAs he frees his hands, he gives reference to his own "superhuman strength." He also begins to note his surroundings with an ability that no human being can posse ss, as he can now see the "veining of each leaf - the very insects upon them," as his mind attempts to assure him that he is truly alive and experiencing these things around him.The entire story could not have taken place were the point of view from a source, other than one that could see into Peyton Farquhar's mind. Were it could be taken from anyone else, they would simply have seen him standing at the edge of the bridge, get thrown over, and his neck snap. But in taking you into the mind of the main character, we are unable to expect the ending that we as readers receive, because...

Biography of Calvin Coolidge, the 13th US President

Biography of Calvin Coolidge, the 13th US President Calvin Coolidge was the 30th President of the United States. He is often described as unusually quiet, though he was known for his dry sense of humor. Coolidge was a small-government Republican who was popular among conservative middle-class voters. Calvin Coolidges Childhood and Education Coolidge was born on July 4, 1872, in Plymouth, Vermont. His father was a storekeeper and local public official. Coolidge attended a local school before enrolling in 1886 at the Black River Academy in Ludlow, Vermont. He studied at Amherst College from 1891-95. He then studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1897. Family Ties Coolidge was born to John Calvin Coolidge, a farmer and storekeeper, and Victoria Josephine Moor. His father  was a justice of the peace and actually delivered  the oath of office to his son when he won the presidency. His mother died when Coolidge was 12. He had one sister named  Abigail Gratia Coolidge. Sadly, she died at age 15. On October 5, 1905, Coolidge married  Grace Anna Goodhue. She was well educated and ended up getting a degree from the Clarke School for the Deaf in Massachusetts where she taught elementary aged children until her marriage. Together she and Coolidge had two sons:  John Coolidge and Calvin Coolidge, Jr. Calvin Coolidges Career Before the Presidency Coolidge practiced law and became an active Republican in Massachusetts. He began his political career on the Northampton City Council (1899-1900). From 1907-08, he was a member of the Massachusetts General Court. He then became Mayor of Northampton in 1910. In 1912, he was elected to be a Massachusetts State Senator. From 1916-18, he was the Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts and, in 1919, he won the Governors seat. He then ran with Warren Harding to become Vice President in 1921. Becoming the President Coolidge succeeded to the presidency on August 3, 1923, when Harding died from a heart attack. In 1924, Coolidge was nominated to run for president by the Republicans with Charles Dawes as his running mate. Coolidge ran against Democrat John Davis and Progressive Robert M. LaFollette. In the end, Coolidge won with 54% of the popular vote and 382 out of 531 electoral votes. Events and Accomplishments of Calvin Coolidge’s Presidency Coolidge governed during a relative calm and peaceful period between the two world wars. Nevertheless, his conservative beliefs helped make significant changes to immigration laws and taxes. The Immigration Act of 1924 reduced the number of immigrants allowed into the U.S. so that only 150,000 total individuals were allowed in each year. The law favored immigrants from Northern Europe over Southern Europeans and Jews; Japanese immigrants were not allowed in at all.In 1924 and 1926, taxes were cut that had been imposed during  World War I. The money that individuals were able to keep and spend helped contribute to the speculation that eventually would lead to  the fall of the stock market  and contribute to the  Great Depression.​In 1924, the Veterans Bonus passed through Congress despite Coolidges veto. It provided veterans with insurance redeemable in twenty years.In 1927-28, Congress tried to pass farm relief bills allowing the government to buy crops to support farm prices. Coolidge vetoed this bill twice, believing that government had no place in setting price floors and ceilings.In 1928, the Kellogg-Briand Pact was created among fifteen countries who agreed that war was not a viable method for settling international disputes. It was created by Secretary of State Frank Kellogg and French Foreign Minister Aristide Briand. Post-Presidential Period Coolidge chose not to run for a second term in office. He retired to Northampton, Massachusetts and wrote his autobiography; he died on January 5, 1933, of a coronary thrombosis. Historical Significance Coolidge was president during the interim period between the two world wars. During this time, the economic situation in America seemed to be one of prosperity. However, the foundation was being laid for what would become the Great Depression. The era was also one of increased isolationism after the close of World War I.

Critical Approaches to Human Resource Management Essay - 2

Critical Approaches to Human Resource Management - Essay Example Only then, the dominance and position of the organization, operating in any segment, might retain in the market for a longer period of time among other contenders. However, in order to do so, it is quite essential to communicate within them in order to know their inner desires and likings. After knowing the inner desires and feelings, the management of the organization might act accordingly in order to accomplish it. As a result, the performance of the employees might get enhanced and it may improve the productivity and total sale of the organization.   Other than this, in order to retain the experienced staffs for the longer period of time, implementation of effective training methods is also highly effective in nature. By doing so, the inner skills and talents of the employees might get enhanced that may augment his or her career objectives as well. Moreover, due to the execution of various types of training programs, the level of efficiency of the employees’ improves in such a extent that may amplify its portfolio in the market among many other rival contenders. Due to execution of varied types of training programs, the level of satisfaction and inner morale of the employees improves that declines the scope the turnover rate. This essay mainly describes the topic, whether the amounts of revenue spend over training is effective or in-effective (Beardwell & Claydon, 2010, pp. 223-245). After analyzing this concept with the help of various approaches of HRM, a final opinion is attained as conclusion. The term training is described as the systematic improvement of the knowledge, skills, attitude and behavior of an individual so as to fulfill the assigned duties and responsibilities in an effective way. Only then, the level of performance and productivity of the employee might get enhanced and may amplify the profit margin of the organization. Due to

Analysis of alka seltzer commercial from 1950 and alka seltzer Essay

Analysis of alka seltzer commercial from 1950 and alka seltzer commercial from 2010 - Essay Example Moreover, the world of men in action and women indulging in feminine parties depicted in the 1950s version gives way to that of a woman in the office – a clear change that took place in the post-War Western world, but took time to get depicted in cultural products. The 1950s version begins with Speedy introducing the tablet as a significant factor that keeps the energetic life of USA, especially Washington DC intact. He starts singing the jingle about how Alka- Seltzer gives comfort to congressmen who are distracted from their work by headaches, and those fairy-like women in a fancy party who have the morning hangover. Apart from the visuals related to these two major ideas, it’s mainly Speedy who walks along throughout the commercial, followed by boxes of Alka-Seltzer, awhile singing the jingle in the all-too familiar voice of Dick Beals. The 2010 version is much more brief and swift. Speedy is given voice in the new commercials by Debi Derryberry. The stop-motion pupp etry effect of older times is recreated in the commercial by CGI effects. There’s an office secretary who is summoned by someone who says â€Å"clients are here†, soon after she sneezes into a paper napkin. She makes a gesture of tiredness, but is enlivened by Speedy who appears in a clearer, colour version and sings the jingle about Alka-Seltzer. Soon afterwards, the secretary is all ready to meet the clients. Before she leaves her cabin, she just pretends to punch Speedy, and he walks back and keeps smiling. Alka-Seltzer commercials focus more on creating a cult-effect than talking about the properties of the product. The appearance of Speedy in all the commercials is an effort to tap on the immense popularity that the earlier versions of their commercials had on people from all walks of life. There is even a pseudo-effect of a child’s presence in them, since Speedy is a midget figure with the voice of a child. The painstaking efforts to create his amicable ap pearance, even with the Alka-Seltzer tablets that form both his torso and hat, pay off well. The colour version of 2010 shows clearly that the hat carries the name Speedy and the torso is inscribed Alka-Seltzer. Moreover, there is more scope in the new commercial to make the features of speedy clearer. He has brown hair and eyebrows, large grey eyes and vivid expressions, complete with a baby smile. In the black and white commercials, the details were not so clear, and it were the captivating visuals, the voice of speedy and the animation effects that held them together. The drastic reduction of time in the new commercials call for a demand to stick to one major idea and present it in the best way possible. The drastic change in man-woman relationships in the public sphere is made clear while analyzing the two commercials. While the earlier versions showed clearly that men belonged to the tough outer world and women had a fairy-tale existence indoors. The recent version makes it cle ar that the woman has much more responsibilities than the household chores or appearing and acting good in parties. In continuation of the concept of a ‘super-mom’, the woman in the 2010 commercial manages to meet her responsibilities with a captivating smile. Speedy cures her of the brief period of inertia, by the magic tablet. Her worries fizzle out as the ‘plop, plop, fizz, fizz’ of the tablet in water. The 1950s commercial focuses more on the manliness of men and the femininity of

How did the war on drugs affect the African American Community Term Paper

How did the war on drugs affect the African American Community - Term Paper Example Thesis statement: The war on drugs initiated by the US government affect the African American Community because it leads to further problems in the society. The war on drugs The war on drugs is initiated by the US government, aiming to conduct campaigns against production, supply and abuse of harmful drugs. Friman opines that â€Å"Among developed countries, the United States has adopted the strictest national control measures against illicit drugs and has played the most active role in international enforcement† (4). The war on drugs includes providing military support to reduce international level illegal drug trade. The National Prohibition Act of 1920, which prohibited the usage of alcohol, is to be considered as the initial step against the influence of harmful beverages. One can easily identify that this Act led to implementation of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 in USA. The establishment of Drug Enforcement Administration in the year 197 3 was another innovative step taken by the US government against drug abuse. In addition, the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 paved the way for the the  National Narcotics Leadership Act of 1988, which created the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) under the US government. The ONDCP conducts a number of media campaigns among the youngsters to create awareness against drug abuse. In short, the war on drugs is a continuation of drug policy in the US. How did drugs affect the African American Community? Almost all the racial groups in the US face the problem of drug addiction and related issues. Comparing to other racial groups, the African American Communities face more problem from drugs.... The history of the African American Communities and their growth and development from slavery to freedom, gaining political, social and economic progress did not help much to fight against drugs. Besides, an individual’s gender, age and economic status are considerable factors which lead to drug addiction. From a different angle of view, the socioeconomic status is to be considered as a vital factor which leads an individual towards drug addiction. When this idea is superimposed into the context of drug addiction among the African American Communities, one can easily identify that poverty originating from socioeconomic disparity is the most important factor which leads to drug addiction. The war on drugs resulted in rapid increase of prison population because the law enforcement department became more active and vigilant. Within this context, more African Americans were imprisoned and it resulted in further problems. For instance, the law enforcement agencies targeted the low income communities (say, the African American Communities) in the lower strata of the society. Roberts opines that â€Å" Though whites, given their numerical superiority in the population, make up the majority of drug users, African Americans have been the chief targets by police† (30). The initiative undertaken by the US government reduced the negative influence of harmful drugs among the people but it affected the African American Communities. The grass root level cause of drug abuse or addiction among the African Americans is interconnected with their socio-economic status in the society. For instance, some of the African Americans consider drug abuse as an easy way to escape from the economic problems

Interventions to Prevent Fall Research Results

Interventions to Prevent Fall Research Results Data Analysis and Findings Part 1 Demographic Profile Table1. Age Distribution Age Range F % 26-30 3 30 31-35 3 30 36-40 1 10 41-45 0 0 46-50 2 20 51-55 1 10 Total n = 10 n = 100 Graph Interpretation Majority of the respondents were between 26-30 and 31-35 age groups. 20% respondents were of 46-50 years of age and 10% respondents were of 36-40 and rest 10% belongs to 51-55 years of age. Table 2. Sex Sex F % Female 10 100 Male 0 0 Total n = 10 n = 100 Graph Interpretation All the participants (healthcare assistants) were female working at CHT Royal Oak Rest Home. Table.3 Ethnicity Ethnicity F % Indian 7 70 Fijian 1 10 Japanese 1 10 Kiwi 1 10 Total n = 10 n = 100 Graph Interpretation Majority of the participants were Indian (70%). Rest 30% of the participants were Fijian, Japanese and Kiwi respectively. Table 3. Work Status Work Status F % Permanent Full time 7 70 Permanent Part time 1 10 Casual Part time 2 20 Total n = 10 n = 100 Graph Interpretation 70% of the participants (Healthcare Assistants) were permanent full time employees whereas 20% of the participants were casual part time and 10% participants were permanent part time employees. Part II. Data Analysis and findings This research finding indicated that the best practices for fall prevention used by Healthcare Assistants were use of aids such as wheelchair and stick (50%), hazard identification (40%), signs for wet floor (30%), care plans and monitoring (30%), clutter free environment (30%), bell ring (10%) and sensor mat (10%). The immediate interventions used by healthcare assistants if they encountered fall incidence were injury risk assessment (50%), fill the ACC incident form (50%), ask help from others (50%), first aid (40%), inform nurse (40%), call ambulance (30%), give reassurance to the residents (20%) and use hoist (20%). This research indicated that CHT Royal Oak rest home provides ongoing training to all the staff of the organisation about moving and handling the residents. Furthermore, the fall incidence was being reported and documented by healthcare assistants by filling ACC incidence/Accident forms (100%), informing manager, Register Nurse and family (50%) and using progress notes (20%). Implication The use of best practices to prevent fall at rest home engaged the healthcare assistants to increase confidence, knowledge, skills and abilities in the identification of residents within health care facilities at risk of falling and to define interventions for the prevention of falling in order to achieve the vision of the organisation. Recommendation Although, CHT Royal Oak is competent enough to practice best interventions to prevent fall, there is always room for continuous improvement. It is hereby recommended that manager should assess and document all resident for intrinsic risk factors to fall such as history of a recent fall, specific co-morbidities: dementia, hip fracture, type 2 diabetes, Parkinsons disease, arthritis, and depression and any functional disability or use of assistive device. Furthermore, patient care environment should also be assessed routinely for extrinsic risk factors to fall such as floor surfaces for spills, wet areas, unevenness, proper level of illumination and functioning of lights (night light works), table tops, furniture, beds should be sturdy and are in good repair and if needed, institute corrective actions. It is recommended to use standardized environmental checklists to document findings and re-evaluate environment for safety. Moreover, the healthcare staff should promote early mobility and incorporate measures to increase mobility, such as daily walking, balance training, strengthening and weight bearing exercise, if medically stable and not otherwise contraindicated. General safety precaution and fall prevention strategies such as medication review; use of proper footwear, proper continence management should be implemented. Multidisciplinary plan of care for prevention and follow up monitoring should be done to prevent falls in healthcare organisation. In addition to that, education regarding procedures to follow in the event of a fall should be provided to the staff as well as to the residents. The goal of education among residents is to increase the awareness of falls risks and preventative strategies, thus decreasing the number and severity of falls. Education may improve the residents self-confidence therefore reducing the fear of falling.The most up to date information needs to be available and provided in order to educate residents effectively. All staff should be involved in this process, as each one is an important member of the health care team. Lastly, health care workers should be given training to increase their awareness of residents who are at risk of falling by giving them staff education brochure for fall, through visual aids and posters etc. Conclusion This study involved the healthcare assistants of CHT Royal Oak Ret Home to know the best practices among them to prevent fall in this facility. To sum up, the healthcare assistant showed quite good knowledge and awareness regarding best interventions they are using for fall prevention. Regular ongoing training for fall prevention was provided to all the staffs of CHT Royal Oak Home. Furthermore, fall prevention practices constitute the basics of patient safety. They apply across all rest home areas and help safeguard not only residents, but also visitors and staff in many cases. By this way, this research helps to improve and to better understand the best interventions that are used by healthcare staff and to implement the best policy to prevent fall worldwide. References CHT. (2015). About us. Retrieved from http://www.cht.co.nz/about-us-2/ Creswell, J. W. (2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Retrieved from http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic1334586.files/2003_Creswell_A%20F ramework%20for%20Design.pdf Gama, Z. A., Medina-Mirapeix, F., Saturno, P. J. (2011). Ensuring Evidence-Based Practices for Falls Prevention in a Nursing Home Setting. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 12(6), 398-402. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2011.01.008 Health Quality Safety Commission New Zealand. (2014). Falls in older people: the impacts. Retrieved from http://www.hqsc.govt.nz/assets/Falls/10- Topics/topic1-falls-in-older-people-15-April-2014.pdf Ministry of Health. (2016). What is an interventions. Retrieved from health.mo.gov/data/interventionmica/index_4.html Nass, S. J., Levit, L. A., Gostin, L. O., Institute of Medicine (U.S.). (2009). Beyond the HIPAA privacy rule: Enhancing privacy, improving health through research. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Phelan, E. A., Aerts, S., Dowler, D., Eckstrom, E., Casey, C. M. (2016). Adoption of Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Practices in Primary Care for Older Adults with a History of Falls. Frontiers in Public Health, 4. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2016.00190 Shever, L. L., Titler, M. G., Mackin, M. L., Kueny, A. (2010). Fall Prevention Practices in Adult Medical-Surgical Nursing Units Described by Nurse Managers. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 33(3), 385-397. doi:10.1177/0193945910379217 World Health Organisation. (2016). Falls. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs344/en/